What is Applied Anthropology
Applied anthropology is the use of anthropological theories and techniques to identify, analyze, and solve practical problems in various fields, from business and government to education, health care, and urban planning Applied anthropologists address immediate issues and problems within various settings, usually in developing countries, to help improve their socio-cultural situations.
Applied anthropology has four main subfields: economic anthropology, political anthropology, organizational anthropology, and medical anthropology. In all four subfields, the anthropologist utilizes research methods like ethnography, quantitative analysis, and qualitative interviews to assess the research situation and develop informed solutions to practical problems.
An example of applied anthropology in economics is the use of debt-swapping programs to help developing countries reduce their external debt and reinvest those savings in policies that promote national economic growth. Applied anthropology has also been used in the health care industry to improve access to health care services, particularly for minority and other underserved populations. For example, the practice of medical anthropology is used to understand how cultural values, beliefs, and lifestyles impact a person's willingness and ability to access health care services.
Organizational anthropology is utilized in business settings to help companies become more successful, improve customer service, and better meet their customers' needs. For instance, by utilizing anthropological research and data, businesses can better understand their target markets to create successful marketing strategies and initiatives.
Political anthropology is used to study how different societies are governed, as well as how laws, regulations, and policies affect different population groups. This research can be used to develop more equitable and effective policies. Finally, medical anthropology is used to understand how cultural values, beliefs, and lifestyles impact a person's willingness and ability to access health care services.
Five Best Examples of Applied Anthropology in the World
1. War-torn Societies: Applied anthropologists are often called upon to help conflict-torn societies rebuild. By utilizing ethnographic research and data-driven analysis, they help create sustainable and equitable policies that benefit all citizens and promote peace.
2. Women's Health: Applied anthropologists have conducted research to help better understand the socio-cultural factors that impact women's health and well-being. This research has been used to develop better health care policies, better understand the gender-based disparities in health care access, and improve the quality of health care for women in various countries.
3. Environmental Protection: Applied anthropology is also used to research and understand how various cultures interact with their environments. This research can help inform policies for sustainable and responsible resource use and better protect the environment.
4. Diaspora Studies: Applied anthropology is often used to study the experiences and cultural practices of people who have been displaced due to war or natural disasters. By understanding how diasporic communities adjust and assimilate to new environments, researchers can develop policies that better respect and accommodate the needs of these communities.
5. Education: Applied anthropology is often utilized by education professionals to better understand how cultural values and beliefs influence people's educational experiences. This research can be used to create more effective and equitable educational policies and practices.