Caste System in India is an ancient form of social stratification based on hereditary occupations, gender and social classes It is a part of the Indian social system which divides the people in a hierarchical order according to their caste. The concept of caste system is rooted in Hinduism and is a major factor in determining the social status of individuals in Indian society. The term ‘caste’ actually means ‘sub-group’ and is divided into four major varnas – Brahmins (priests or teachers), Kshatriyas (warriors or administrators), Vaishyas (merchants and traders) and Shudras (labourers or servants). This system has been responsible for segregating the society between those who benefit from the privileges and those who are deprived of basic rights. In addition, the caste system results in discrimination, inequality and economic and social issues.
Five Best Examples of Caste System in India:
1. The practice of ‘untouchability’ still exists in India, which is a form of discrimination towards people belonging to certain castes who are considered “impure” or inferior to the higher castes. These individuals are often subjected to unfair treatment, barred from entering temples and other religious places, and denied access to resources like education and employment opportunities.
2. Reservations in government jobs and educational institutions are another example of caste system in India. Under the reservation system, people belonging to the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes get preference in employment and admissions to higher education institutions.
3. Dowry system has become an integral part of Indian culture and is seen as a way to secure a better future for daughters. It is essentially a form of payment demanded by the groom’s family from the bride’s family in exchange for marriage in certain Hindu communities. This system is particularly prevalent in India, and the amount and form of dowry are usually decided on the basis of caste.
4. Caste-based discrimination in terms of offering certain types of employment and payment amounts is also commonly seen in India, especially in rural areas. For example, individuals belonging to certain castes might not be considered for certain jobs or occupations and might also have to accept lower wages than those from higher castes, even if they possess the same skills and qualifications.
5. Social ostracization is another common form of caste-based discrimination in which people belonging to the lower castes are boycotted or excluded from larger society. This practice includes not allowing them access to education, employment opportunities, healthcare resources, purchasing and renting property, and participating in social activities.