What is Hydroelectricity?
Hydroelectricity is a type of renewable energy produced from the power of flowing water This energy is generated when the gravitational force of water as it cascades from its source, such as a lake, river, or spring, is used to turn a turbine. This turbine is connected to a generator, which produces electricity from the kinetic energy of the turbine.
Hydroelectricity is a very reliable form of energy, with plants able to operate for extended periods of time, and usually with a longer life expectancy than other power sources such as solar or wind energy. In addition, hydroelectricity is a clean source of energy with no emissions of greenhouse gases. This makes it an attractive energy source for many communities that wish to reduce their carbon footprint.
Hydroelectricity is also one of the most cost-effective energy sources, as it has a low operating cost, and the cost of construction of hydroelectric plants is often more than offset by the savings in electricity bills generated over time.
Despite its advantages, hydroelectricity can also have certain drawbacks. It relies on water availability, which can be a problem in arid or drought areas. Hydroelectric plants also have an environmental impact, as they can disrupt natural water systems, cause destruction of natural habitats, and limit recreational activities, such as fishing and boating, in the area.
Five Best Examples of Uses of Hydroelectricity
1. Dams: Dams are a commonly used form of hydroelectricity, and are often used to control the flow of rivers and streams. Dams act as huge reservoirs that store water, and when released, the falling water turns huge turbines which generate electricity. The electricity can then be used to power homes and businesses.
2. Tidal Energy: The power of the ocean’s tides can also be used to generate energy in the form of tidal energy. Special turbines are placed in the water and as the tide rises and falls, the turbines spin, creating electricity.
3. Wave Energy: Wave energy is a form of renewable energy generated by the power of the ocean’s waves. The energy is captured by special devices that convert the kinetic energy of the waves into electricity, which can then be used to power homes and businesses.
4. Run-of-River Hydroelectricity: Run-of-river hydroelectricity is a type of hydroelectric facility that uses the natural flow of the river to generate electricity. The river’s natural flow is diverted through a channel and into a power house where turbines are used to generate electricity.
5. Microhydro: Microhydro is a type of hydroelectric facility that uses smaller streams or creeks to generate electricity at a scale appropriate for residential or small business use. Microhydro systems are often used to power remote or rural areas, or to supplement the main grid.