The First Great Awakening was a period of spiritual and religious revival that swept through the American colonies in the mid-1700s It was a reaction to the perceived decline in religious faith among many colonists and was found in both Protestantism and Catholicism. The Awakening helped to bring about a new sense of faith, but it also had an immediate effect on colonial life.
One of the primary effects of the First Great Awakening was the growth of evangelical Protestantism. The revival led to a wave of new churches, particularly in the form of Congregational, Presbyterian, and Baptist denominations, as well as a surge of membership among existing churches. In addition, the Awakening helped to inspire a new wave of missionary activity and the founding of numerous mission schools.
The Awakening also had a social component, especially among the lower classes. During this period, the number of voluntary religious associations, such as the Methodists, increased dramatically. These groups helped to bring the lower classes into churches, giving them a greater sense of religious identity and social standing.
The Awakening also had a major political impact. The revival caused a shift in the way that many colonists viewed their government, as they became increasingly aware of their rights as citizens, and demanded greater representation and religious freedom. This shift was spurred on by preachers, who often used their sermons to call for greater political involvement, and protest against the British.
Finally, the First Great Awakening had a major effect on the intellectual climate of 18th century colonial America. The revival created a new intellectual atmosphere in which religious and philosophical debate was encouraged, on topics such as the nature of faith, the emergence of democracy, and the need for reform.
The impact of the First Great Awakening is still seen today in America. Here are some of the best examples:
1. Rise of Evangelical Protestantism: As mentioned, the Awakening helped to inspire a new wave of evangelical Protestantism. This faith is now the majority faith in the United States and continues to be an important part of American culture.
2. Increase in Social Activism: The Awakening also led to a new wave of social activism, as the lower classes used the new religious associations to demand greater political representation and rights. This tradition of social activism is still seen today in the United States.
3. Expansion of Missionary Activity: The Awakening helped to inspire a new wave of missionary activity, both at home and abroad. This work still continues today, as churches engage in both domestic and foreign missions.
4. Growth of Intellectually-Minded Religion: The First Great Awakening created an atmosphere of intellectual inquiry and debate in 18th century colonial America. This has had a lasting influence on American religious discourse today.
5. Emergence of Democracy: The political impact of the Awakening was immense, as it helped to inspire the idea of democracy in the colonies and the development of new forms of government. This legacy is still seen in the United States today.