Oceanic art, also known as Arts of the Pacific, is a term used to denote a broad range of aesthetic objects and artworks made by the indigenous people of the Pacific Ocean It includes art from countries including New Zealand, Australia, Hawaii, the Philippines, Tahiti, Samoa, and Indonesia, among others. The art is diverse, utilizing various materials and mediums including wood, stone, pua, tapa, shell, feathers, and pigments. Oceanic art is rich in symbolism, often depicting spiritual and religious beliefs, as well as narratives about ancestor worship, protection from harm, humanity, and the environment.
One of the most common examples of Oceanic art is the tiki, a wooden or stone figure that symbolizes gods, ancestors, and protection from danger. Tiki originated in Polynesia, but these religious figures are still used by many Pacific Island cultures today. They often serve as a reminder of the spiritual connection between people and their environment.
Another popular form of Oceanic art is called bark cloth. This cloth was made of tree bark and traditionally used in ritual and ceremonial contexts. It was often hand-painted or decorated with pigment and white shells, and is still used by many Pacific Island cultures today. Bark cloth is often attributed with spiritual qualities, and is commonly used for healing ceremonies and for offering protection from harm.
One of the most iconic forms of Oceanic art is the tattoo. Tattoos are an integral part of many Pacific Island cultures and are used not only for decoration, but also carry spiritual and cultural meanings. Pacific Islanders often use tattoos to mark important life events and to symbolicize relationships with gods and ancestors.
The traditional art form of sand drawing is also popular in Oceanic art. Sand drawing is a form of storytelling performed in a circle, with the storyteller drawing images in the sand with their hands. It is believed that this art form is a bridge between the physical and spiritual realms, and is often used to teach the history and mythology of a particular culture.
Tapa is another popular form of Oceanic art. It is a type of cloth made from the bark of a mulberry tree, which is then decorated with symbols, patterns, and stories. It is used in both ritual and ceremonial contexts, and is often used to decorate homes and depict important cultural stories.
Finally, carvings in wood, bone, and stone are also a form of Oceanic art. Pacific Islanders traditionally carved decorative objects, including masks and weapons. Carvings often depict deity figures and are heavily steeped in spiritual and cultural symbolism.
In summary, Oceanic art is a diverse, richly symbolic array of aesthetic objects and artworks created by the indigenous people of the Pacific Ocean. It encompasses various mediums, including the tiki, bark cloth, tattooing, sand drawing, tapa, and wood, bone, and stone carvings. Each of these art forms is steeped in spiritual and cultural meaning and is often used to teach the history and mythology of an individual culture.